Thailand · Paper

Saa Mulberry Paper Making

กระดาษสา (Kradat Saa)

Handmade paper produced from the inner bark of the paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera — saa tree) using a fixed-frame floating sheet formation technique. The same source plant produces Japanese washi (flexible frame, four-directional oscillation) and Korean hanji (throwing motion) — three distinct national papermaking traditions from one plant. The three-way comparison is a CRAFT research opportunity.

Risk level: Endangered · Not Listed

Alternate Names
Sa paper; mulberry paper Thailand; Chiang Mai handmade paper
Geographic Center
San Kamphaeng District, Chiang Mai Province (North); Bo Sang village area
Community / Ethnic Group
Northern Thai artisan community; Chiang Mai craft village communities
Estimated Origin
Introduced from China via Lanna Kingdom trade routes (est. 700-1,000 years); distinct Thai technique developed from Chinese and Indian papermaking influence
Cultural Function
Traditional manuscript paper for Buddhist texts and royal documents; umbrella and lantern covering; ceremonial decoration; contemporary: art paper and craft material
Primary Materials
Paper mulberry inner bark (Broussonetia papyrifera — saa tree); clean water; simple sizing agents (starch or natural gum)
Primary Tools
Fixed-frame screen (square bamboo frame with screen — distinct from Japanese flexible nagashizuki mold); large rectangular vat; wooden beater; pressing boards
Process Overview
Prepare saa bark → cook in lye → wash and pound → add to vat → scoop sheet on fixed frame → couch → press → sun-dry → trim.
Traditional Applications
Buddhist manuscript paper; royal document paper; umbrella covering (Bo Sang); lantern covering; ceremonial decoration
Contemporary Applications
Art paper (international artist market); decorative stationery; lampshades; book arts; embedded-flower gift paper (significant export product)
Notable Practitioners
San Kamphaeng workshop masters; Bo Sang area paper-craft workshops; SACIT certified Chiang Mai paper artisans
Key References
InterContinental Chiang Mai (2024). Lanna Arts & Crafts. — SACIT craft directory. — TAT (2024). Thai Craftsmanship.
Verification Status
Unverified

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