Myanmar · Paper Craft / Book Arts

Burmese Manuscript Accordion Book Making (Parabaik)

ပုရပိုက် (Parabaik)

The Burmese parabaik (ပုရပိုက်) is the traditional accordion-fold manuscript book of Myanmar — a long strip of Shan sa paper (CRAFT-0444) or lacquered cloth folded into pages and painted with Buddhist manuscript text (in traditional Burmese script), astrological charts, Jataka illustrations, or secular records. The parabaik-making tradition encompasses two distinct craft disciplines: the paper preparation and binding (constructing the accordion fold structure with correct fold tension and page size), and the painted or lacquered decoration (applying gold and color to the opened pages). The binding technique — folding the paper strip to precise page width while maintaining consistent fold tension throughout all 50–200 pages — is the critical structural knowledge. Inconsistent fold tension causes the accordion structure to open unevenly and pages to warp over time.

Risk level: Critically Endangered · Myanmar national ICH list (Buddhist manuscript culture)

Alternate Names
Parabaik; Burmese accordion book; folded manuscript
Geographic Center
Mandalay (primary production center); Bagan; monasteries throughout Myanmar
Community / Ethnic Group
Bamar people; Buddhist monastic and lay manuscript production community
Estimated Origin
Pre-Bagan period; parabaik documented from Bagan Dynasty manuscripts (9th century CE); form essentially unchanged
Cultural Function
Buddhist manuscript repository — text, astrological charts, Jataka illustration; administrative and legal record (historical); merit-generating gift to monastery; contemporary collector object
Primary Materials
Shan sa paper (CRAFT-0444) for standard parabaik; lacquered cloth for premium ceremonial parabaik
Primary Tools
Bone or wood folding tool (for crisp fold line); ruler; scissors; paste brush; gold leaf tools
Process Overview
Paper strip preparation → accordion folding with consistent tension → cover board attachment → gold text or illustration application on opened pages → final assembly
Traditional Applications
Buddhist manuscript book; astrological chart; Jataka illustration; administrative record
Contemporary Applications
Cultural heritage object; museum acquisition; collector book arts object; tourist souvenir
Notable Practitioners
Monastic manuscript workshops, Mandalay; U Hla Myint — Mandalay parabaik specialist; community declining as monastic demand falls
Key References
Mukherjee, B.N. (1996). Coins and Chronology. Mukherjee (historical context); Myanmar National Museum collection documentation; UNESCO Myanmar ICH documentation
Verification Status
Verified

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