پشمینہ (Pashmina / Pashm)
Pashmina weaving is the production of shawls and textiles from the extraordinarily fine undercoat of the Changthangi goat of Ladakh, hand-spun by the women of Kashmir and woven on traditional wooden looms in Srinagar's shawl workshops. The complete Pashmina process — from goat to finished shawl — involves two distinct endangered crafts: hand-spinning (yarneh) and hand-weaving (karkhana). A single Pashmina shawl requires the hand-spun fiber of six to eight Changthangi goats. The GI-protected designation is widely abused: machine-spun and even synthetic shawls are sold internationally as 'Pashmina'. The hand-spinning element is critically more endangered than weaving.
Risk level: Endangered · Under Assessment
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