Japan · Food / Cosmetic Oil Processing

Camellia Seed Oil Pressing (Izu Ōshima)

椿油 (tsubaki abura)

Collection of fallen Camellia japonica seeds on Izu Ōshima and their crushing, brief steaming and hot pressing into oil, used for centuries as hair oil and also for cooking and cosmetics. Islanders gather seeds in autumn and trade them to the island’s oil makers, one of which still exchanges pressed oil for seeds.

Risk level: Stable · Not inscribed

Alternate Names
tsubaki oil; camellia oil
Geographic Center
Izu Ōshima, Tokyo Metropolis
Community / Ethnic Group
Island households who gather seeds; small island oil makers
Estimated Origin
Known on Ōshima "since ancient times"; widely used for hair grooming in the Edo period
Cultural Function
Hair and skin care; cooking; island identity (about 3 million wild camellia trees estimated)
Primary Materials
Camellia japonica seeds
Primary Tools
Mortar (traditional) or crusher; sieve; steamer; press
Process Overview
Gather → sort → crush and sieve → steam → press while hot → (commercial makers refine further)
Traditional Applications
Hair oil; cooking oil; lamp oil; medicine
Contemporary Applications
Hair and skin care (sumo wrestlers’ hair; ingredient in major Japanese hair-care lines)
Notable Practitioners
Takada Seiyujo (Takada Refinery), the island’s oldest maker, which still exchanges pressed oil for residents’ seeds; Japoneira
Key References
Tokyo Islands, "Make your own tsubaki oil"; Metropolis, "Winter blossoms"; Tokyo Metropolitan Government Oshima Branch, camellia oil page; Tokyo Gifts 62, Takada Seiyujo product page
Verification Status
Desk-Researched

More from Japan

  • Imari / Arita Porcelain (Arita-yaki)Ceramics & Pottery · Endangered

    Arita-yaki (有田焼) is Japan's first true porcelain tradition — established after Korean potter Yi Sam-pyeong discovered the kaolin deposit at Izumiyama in 1616 CE, and quickly becoming Japan's primary export ceramic to Europe through the…

  • Hagi Ware (Hagi-yaki)Ceramics & Pottery · Endangered

    Hagi-yaki (萩焼) is the feudal domain pottery of Hagi, Yamaguchi Prefecture — established by Korean potters brought to Japan after Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Korean campaigns (1592–1598) and producing the distinctive soft-bodied, highly porous…

  • Kutani Ware Overglaze Painting (Kutani-yaki)Ceramics & Pottery · Endangered

    Kutani-yaki (九谷焼) is the overglaze enamel porcelain tradition of Ishikawa Prefecture — famous for its bold, all-over enamel painting in the five colors (五彩手 gosai-de — green, yellow, red, purple, dark blue) with gold, covering virtually…

  • Tamba-Tachikui Ware (Tamba-yaki)Ceramics & Pottery · Endangered

    Tamba-Tachikui-yaki (丹波立杭焼) is one of Japan's Six Ancient Kilns — producing unglazed or naturally-ashed stoneware continuously for 800 years in Tachikui village, Hyogo Prefecture.

  • Tatami Mat Making (Tatami-shi)Weaving & Textiles · Endangered

    Tatami (畳) mat making is the craft of producing Japan's traditional floor covering — a composite structure of rice straw base (床 toko), woven rush surface (ゴザ goza — from igusa rush, Juncus effusus), and decorative border tape (縁 heri).

  • Nishijin Silk Weaving (Nishijin-ori)Weaving & Textiles · Endangered

    Nishijin-ori (西陣織) is Japan's supreme silk weaving tradition — centered in the Nishijin district of Kyoto and producing the obi sash and kimono fabric for court, theatrical, and ceremonial use for over 1,200 years.

All techniques in Japan →

Related food, drink & botanical elsewhere

  • Apt Candied Fruit MakingFrance · Vulnerable

    The making of fruits confits (candied fruit) in Apt — the world capital of candied fruit production since the 14th century.

  • Aigues-Mortes Salt Crystallisation ManagementFrance · Stable

    The industrial-scale salt crystallization management at the Salins du Midi of Aigues-Mortes — the largest salt production site in France — combined with the artisan fleur de sel harvesting tradition on the adjacent Petite Camargue marshes.

  • Provence Lavender Honey BeekeepingFrance · Vulnerable

    The transhumant beekeeping tradition of Haute-Provence — moving hives between winter lowland positions and summer highland lavender fields — producing the distinctive lavender honey of Provence.

  • Provence Olive Oil PressingFrance · Stable

    The pressing of Provence olive oil from the region's heritage olive varieties (salonenque; aglandau; grossane; tanche) using cold-extraction methods.

  • Tokaj Wine Making — UNESCO World Heritage TraditionHungary · Stable

    The Tokaj wine making tradition — the production of the legendary Tokaji Aszú dessert wine from the UNESCO WH Tokaj region.

  • Sisteron Lamb TranshumanceFrance · Vulnerable

    The seasonal mountain transhumance of sheep flocks between the Provence lowlands (winter pasture) and the high Alps (summer estive — mountain pasture above 1500 meters), and the management of the Sisteron lamb breed on aromatic mountain…

All food, drink & botanical techniques →