Malaysia · Woodworking / Boat Building

Bajau Lepa Boat Building

Pembuatan Lepa-Lepa / Perahu Lepa

The lepa is the traditional boat of the Sama-Bajau of Semporna, Sabah. Its keel is a shallow dugout (tadas or lunas) built up with strakes and sideboards; parts are joined with wooden dowels (tambuko) and fiber lashings rather than nails. Lepa are decorated with okil floral carving, often with a large carved bowsprit (jungal), carry a single removable sail, and typically measure about 9–15 meters. The annual Regatta Lepa in Semporna — its 31st edition in 2026 — celebrates the boatbuilding tradition with a decorated-lepa competition.

Risk level: Critically Endangered · Not inscribed

Alternate Names
Lepa; Bajau houseboat; sea nomad boat; lepa-lepa
Geographic Center
Semporna district; Mabul Island; Tun Sakaran Marine Park area — eastern Sabah
Community / Ethnic Group
Bajau Laut (sea nomad) communities of eastern Sabah; boat building by specialist male builders
Estimated Origin
Estimated 300–500 years; Bajau Laut maritime culture in Sulu-Sulawesi-Sabah triangle from pre-colonial period
Cultural Function
Historically home, fishing vessel and main transport of the Sama-Bajau; today central to the Regatta Lepa festival and community identity
Primary Materials
Local hardwood (belian/ironwood and regional tropical hardwoods); natural fiber caulking; rattan lashing
Primary Tools
Adze and hand tools (not specified in detail in sources)
Process Overview
Dugout keel; strakes and sideboards; dowel and fiber joints; carved decoration; sail and roof fitted
Traditional Applications
Bajau Laut dwelling, fishing vessel, and ceremony venue; maritime identity
Contemporary Applications
Cultural tourism (Semporna — major dive tourism destination); heritage commission; museum display
Notable Practitioners
Bajau Laut boat-building families of Semporna (collective — estimated 10–20 active full-technique builders); Sabah State Museum registry
Key References
Wikipedia, 'Lepa (ship)'; The Star, 'Lepa flying the flag for Bajau Semporna heritage' (July 2026); Sather, C. (1997). The Bajau Laut
Verification Status
Desk-Researched — field verification in Semporna urgent; access through Bajau Laut community leaders

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