杭罗 (Háng Luó)
Hangzhou silk gauze (杭罗 Háng Luó) is a unique twisted-warp weave tradition producing a silk fabric of exceptional translucency and structural openness — the characteristic mesh texture produced not by weaving but by twisting pairs of warp threads around each other before interlacing with weft. This twisted warp structure (绞织 jiǎo zhī) produces a fabric that is simultaneously open and stable — the warp twists lock each weft thread in place without requiring dense packing. The technique demands a loom modification called the 绞综 (jiǎo zōng) — a twisting heddle system that must be synchronized with the standard heddle on each shed change. Hangzhou luo was the primary summer garment silk of the imperial court and has been produced continuously for 2,500 years. Fewer than 3 workshops can produce authentic Hang luo by traditional methods.
Risk level: Critically Endangered · China National ICH List (2009)
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