Jordan · Textile / Basketry

Bani Hamida Bedouin Ground-Loom Weaving

No single standardized local term documented beyond general reference to the craft

The hand-spinning and weaving of rugs, cushions, and bags by Bedouin women of the Bani Hamida tribal confederation, centered in and around Mukawir in central Jordan. Women hand-spin sheep wool and goat hair into thread before weaving it on traditional ground looms into geometric-patterned textiles, historically used to furnish Bedouin tents and, more broadly, to express tribal identity and individual artistic sensibility through pattern and color choice. Wool and goat hair are colored using natural dyes, including indigo, pomegranate, and mulberry, producing the deep, earthy color palette characteristic of the tradition. The craft has been organized into a formal cooperative structure, the Bani Hamida Weaving Project, providing women in the region with a structured means of income while sustaining the technique across generations.

Risk level: Endangered · Not independently inscribed

Alternate Names
Not documented under other names
Geographic Center
Mukawir and surrounding Bani Hamida tribal areas, central Jordan
Community / Ethnic Group
Bani Hamida Bedouin tribal confederation, specifically its women weavers
Estimated Origin
Not specifically dated in available sources; documented as a longstanding Bedouin tribal weaving tradition tied to historical nomadic tent-furnishing needs
Cultural Function
Finished textiles historically furnished Bedouin tents, directly serving practical nomadic-household needs; pattern and color choice specifically expressed both tribal identity and individual artistic sensibility, embedding the craft within a documented dual function of collective and personal meaning; the Bani Hamida Weaving Project's cooperative structure reflects a deliberate, currently active effort to provide women in the region with structured income while sustaining generational technique transmission
Primary Materials
Sheep wool; goat hair
Primary Tools
A traditional ground loom
Process Overview
Hand-spin sheep wool and goat hair into thread, dye using natural indigo, pomegranate, and mulberry preparations, and weave on a traditional ground loom to produce geometric-patterned rugs, cushions, and bags; Bani Hamida Bedouin weaving, centered in and around Mukawir, central Jordan, historically furnishing tribal tents and expressing both collective identity and individual artistic sensibility through pattern and color, sustained today through the Bani Hamida Weaving Project, a cooperative providing structured income for the region's women weavers.
Traditional Applications
Rugs, cushions, and bags for Bedouin tent furnishing
Contemporary Applications
Continued production through the Bani Hamida Weaving Project cooperative, providing structured income for regional women weavers and sustaining generational technique transmission
Notable Practitioners
No individually named weaver documented in available sources at the level of specificity required; the craft is documented as practiced collectively by Bani Hamida Bedouin women and organized through the Bani Hamida Weaving Project cooperative
Key References
Jordan Crafts, 'Handicrafts in Jordan' (confirming Bani Hamida tribal identity, Mukawir location, and natural-dye materials); AllFromJordan, 'Handicrafts in Jordan' (independent confirmation of the same detail, naming the Bani Hamida Weaving Project cooperative)
Verification Status
Desk-Researched

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